What’s the Common Link Between Diabetes, Heart Disease, and Stroke?
It’s well-established that individuals with diabetes face a significantly higher risk of developing serious health complications, including heart disease and stroke. In fact, most people with diabetes eventually experience these conditions, which can be life-threatening. In India, heart disease and stroke are the leading causes of death.
Also known as cardiovascular diseases (CVD), heart diseases have held the top spot for the highest number of deaths in India for over two decades. India also ranks second globally in the number of diabetes patients, and this figure is steadily increasing, with 1 in every 6 people with diabetes in the world being from India.
Experts at Oxford Hospital explain that people with diabetes are more than twice as likely to develop cardiovascular diseases and suffer from strokes compared to those without diabetes. Heart disease remains the leading cause of death among individuals with type 2 diabetes.
Is Diabetes the Cause of Heart Disease?
Dialectologists at Oxford Hospital explain the connection between diabetes and heart disease. High blood sugar levels in people with diabetes gradually damage blood vessels and the nerves that control them. This damage can lead to heart disease, which occurs when blood flow to the heart is slowed or blocked due to a blocked artery. Heart disease may result in chest pain (angina), heart attacks, or even sudden death.
People with diabetes are 2 to 4 times more likely to develop cardiovascular diseases than those without diabetes. While genetics plays a significant role, other factors such as high cholesterol and obesity also contribute to the development of heart disease in addition to diabetes.
What Causes Stroke in Patients with Diabetes?
A stroke occurs when blood flow to the brain is obstructed, often due to blood clots or blockages in the arteries. The neurology team at Oxford Hospital explains that diabetes significantly increases the risk of stroke over time. This is primarily due to high glucose levels, which gradually damage blood vessels, thereby elevating the likelihood of a stroke. Diabetes also heightens the risk of plaque buildup in the arteries, leading to the formation of dangerous blood clots. In fact, nearly 75% of people with diabetes will eventually face serious clot-related complications.
The connection between diabetes, heart disease, and stroke begins with elevated blood sugar levels, which cause progressive damage to the arteries. This damage results in the accumulation of fatty material within the blood vessels, leading to atherosclerosis, which can ultimately block blood flow to the heart or brain, resulting in a heart attack or stroke.
At Oxford Hospital, some of the leading dialectologists and neurologists in Jalandhar collaborate to manage and treat diabetes and its related complications. Specialists recommend implementing small but impactful lifestyle changes that can help prevent heart disease and effectively manage diabetes.
Active Lifestyle
It's recommended to engage in at least 30 minutes of physical activity five days a week, whether through walking or structured exercise. Incorporating light activity during long periods of sitting can also help regulate blood sugar levels.
Heart-Healthy Diet
To manage diabetes effectively, it's crucial to limit foods high in saturated and trans fats, salt, and cholesterol. Fried foods, red meat, and high-cholesterol eggs should be significantly reduced. Instead, focus on a diet rich in high-fiber foods, such as leafy greens, whole grains, and seasonal fruits.
Optimal Weight
Maintaining a healthy weight based on your age and gender is vital. A healthy BMI can help lower blood pressure and blood sugar levels. Even modest weight loss can lead to improvements in overall health, achievable through dietary adjustments and lifestyle changes.
Controlled Blood Sugar Levels
Individuals with diabetes should strive to keep their blood glucose levels within the target range set by their healthcare provider. Following a balanced diet and consistent exercise routine is essential for managing blood sugar levels effectively.
Managing Hypertension
The ideal blood pressure for adults is 120/80 mmHg. Consult your healthcare provider for lifestyle modifications and medications if necessary to manage high blood pressure levels.
Quit Smoking
Smoking significantly increases health risks for individuals with diabetes and heart disease. It elevates the likelihood of blood clot formation and damages blood vessel linings. Seeking assistance to quit smoking is crucial for reducing these risks.
Patients with diabetes are at an elevated risk of developing heart disease and strokes. However, implementing lifestyle changes such as a healthy diet, regular exercise, and maintaining a healthy weight can mitigate the risk of life-threatening complications associated with diabetes.
